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Diffstat (limited to 'gl/warn-on-use.h')
-rw-r--r-- | gl/warn-on-use.h | 149 |
1 files changed, 149 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/gl/warn-on-use.h b/gl/warn-on-use.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3075603 --- /dev/null +++ b/gl/warn-on-use.h | |||
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1 | /* A C macro for emitting warnings if a function is used. | ||
2 | Copyright (C) 2010-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | ||
3 | |||
4 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it | ||
5 | under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published | ||
6 | by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or | ||
7 | (at your option) any later version. | ||
8 | |||
9 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | ||
10 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | ||
11 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU | ||
12 | Lesser General Public License for more details. | ||
13 | |||
14 | You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License | ||
15 | along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ | ||
16 | |||
17 | /* _GL_WARN_ON_USE (function, "literal string") issues a declaration | ||
18 | for FUNCTION which will then trigger a compiler warning containing | ||
19 | the text of "literal string" anywhere that function is called, if | ||
20 | supported by the compiler. If the compiler does not support this | ||
21 | feature, the macro expands to an unused extern declaration. | ||
22 | |||
23 | _GL_WARN_ON_USE_ATTRIBUTE ("literal string") expands to the | ||
24 | attribute used in _GL_WARN_ON_USE. If the compiler does not support | ||
25 | this feature, it expands to empty. | ||
26 | |||
27 | These macros are useful for marking a function as a potential | ||
28 | portability trap, with the intent that "literal string" include | ||
29 | instructions on the replacement function that should be used | ||
30 | instead. | ||
31 | _GL_WARN_ON_USE is for functions with 'extern' linkage. | ||
32 | _GL_WARN_ON_USE_ATTRIBUTE is for functions with 'static' or 'inline' | ||
33 | linkage. | ||
34 | |||
35 | However, one of the reasons that a function is a portability trap is | ||
36 | if it has the wrong signature. Declaring FUNCTION with a different | ||
37 | signature in C is a compilation error, so this macro must use the | ||
38 | same type as any existing declaration so that programs that avoid | ||
39 | the problematic FUNCTION do not fail to compile merely because they | ||
40 | included a header that poisoned the function. But this implies that | ||
41 | _GL_WARN_ON_USE is only safe to use if FUNCTION is known to already | ||
42 | have a declaration. Use of this macro implies that there must not | ||
43 | be any other macro hiding the declaration of FUNCTION; but | ||
44 | undefining FUNCTION first is part of the poisoning process anyway | ||
45 | (although for symbols that are provided only via a macro, the result | ||
46 | is a compilation error rather than a warning containing | ||
47 | "literal string"). Also note that in C++, it is only safe to use if | ||
48 | FUNCTION has no overloads. | ||
49 | |||
50 | For an example, it is possible to poison 'getline' by: | ||
51 | - adding a call to gl_WARN_ON_USE_PREPARE([[#include <stdio.h>]], | ||
52 | [getline]) in configure.ac, which potentially defines | ||
53 | HAVE_RAW_DECL_GETLINE | ||
54 | - adding this code to a header that wraps the system <stdio.h>: | ||
55 | #undef getline | ||
56 | #if HAVE_RAW_DECL_GETLINE | ||
57 | _GL_WARN_ON_USE (getline, "getline is required by POSIX 2008, but" | ||
58 | "not universally present; use the gnulib module getline"); | ||
59 | #endif | ||
60 | |||
61 | It is not possible to directly poison global variables. But it is | ||
62 | possible to write a wrapper accessor function, and poison that | ||
63 | (less common usage, like &environ, will cause a compilation error | ||
64 | rather than issue the nice warning, but the end result of informing | ||
65 | the developer about their portability problem is still achieved): | ||
66 | #if HAVE_RAW_DECL_ENVIRON | ||
67 | static char *** | ||
68 | rpl_environ (void) { return &environ; } | ||
69 | _GL_WARN_ON_USE (rpl_environ, "environ is not always properly declared"); | ||
70 | # undef environ | ||
71 | # define environ (*rpl_environ ()) | ||
72 | #endif | ||
73 | or better (avoiding contradictory use of 'static' and 'extern'): | ||
74 | #if HAVE_RAW_DECL_ENVIRON | ||
75 | static char *** | ||
76 | _GL_WARN_ON_USE_ATTRIBUTE ("environ is not always properly declared") | ||
77 | rpl_environ (void) { return &environ; } | ||
78 | # undef environ | ||
79 | # define environ (*rpl_environ ()) | ||
80 | #endif | ||
81 | */ | ||
82 | #ifndef _GL_WARN_ON_USE | ||
83 | |||
84 | # if 4 < __GNUC__ || (__GNUC__ == 4 && 3 <= __GNUC_MINOR__) | ||
85 | /* A compiler attribute is available in gcc versions 4.3.0 and later. */ | ||
86 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE(function, message) \ | ||
87 | _GL_WARN_EXTERN_C __typeof__ (function) function __attribute__ ((__warning__ (message))) | ||
88 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE_ATTRIBUTE(message) \ | ||
89 | __attribute__ ((__warning__ (message))) | ||
90 | # elif __clang_major__ >= 4 | ||
91 | /* Another compiler attribute is available in clang. */ | ||
92 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE(function, message) \ | ||
93 | _GL_WARN_EXTERN_C __typeof__ (function) function \ | ||
94 | __attribute__ ((__diagnose_if__ (1, message, "warning"))) | ||
95 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE_ATTRIBUTE(message) \ | ||
96 | __attribute__ ((__diagnose_if__ (1, message, "warning"))) | ||
97 | # elif __GNUC__ >= 3 && GNULIB_STRICT_CHECKING | ||
98 | /* Verify the existence of the function. */ | ||
99 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE(function, message) \ | ||
100 | _GL_WARN_EXTERN_C __typeof__ (function) function | ||
101 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE_ATTRIBUTE(message) | ||
102 | # else /* Unsupported. */ | ||
103 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE(function, message) \ | ||
104 | _GL_WARN_EXTERN_C int _gl_warn_on_use | ||
105 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE_ATTRIBUTE(message) | ||
106 | # endif | ||
107 | #endif | ||
108 | |||
109 | /* _GL_WARN_ON_USE_CXX (function, rettype_gcc, rettype_clang, parameters_and_attributes, "message") | ||
110 | is like _GL_WARN_ON_USE (function, "message"), except that in C++ mode the | ||
111 | function is declared with the given prototype, consisting of return type, | ||
112 | parameters, and attributes. | ||
113 | This variant is useful for overloaded functions in C++. _GL_WARN_ON_USE does | ||
114 | not work in this case. */ | ||
115 | #ifndef _GL_WARN_ON_USE_CXX | ||
116 | # if !defined __cplusplus | ||
117 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE_CXX(function,rettype_gcc,rettype_clang,parameters_and_attributes,msg) \ | ||
118 | _GL_WARN_ON_USE (function, msg) | ||
119 | # else | ||
120 | # if 4 < __GNUC__ || (__GNUC__ == 4 && 3 <= __GNUC_MINOR__) | ||
121 | /* A compiler attribute is available in gcc versions 4.3.0 and later. */ | ||
122 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE_CXX(function,rettype_gcc,rettype_clang,parameters_and_attributes,msg) \ | ||
123 | extern rettype_gcc function parameters_and_attributes \ | ||
124 | __attribute__ ((__warning__ (msg))) | ||
125 | # elif __clang_major__ >= 4 | ||
126 | /* Another compiler attribute is available in clang. */ | ||
127 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE_CXX(function,rettype_gcc,rettype_clang,parameters_and_attributes,msg) \ | ||
128 | extern rettype_clang function parameters_and_attributes \ | ||
129 | __attribute__ ((__diagnose_if__ (1, msg, "warning"))) | ||
130 | # elif __GNUC__ >= 3 && GNULIB_STRICT_CHECKING | ||
131 | /* Verify the existence of the function. */ | ||
132 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE_CXX(function,rettype_gcc,rettype_clang,parameters_and_attributes,msg) \ | ||
133 | extern rettype_gcc function parameters_and_attributes | ||
134 | # else /* Unsupported. */ | ||
135 | # define _GL_WARN_ON_USE_CXX(function,rettype_gcc,rettype_clang,parameters_and_attributes,msg) \ | ||
136 | _GL_WARN_EXTERN_C int _gl_warn_on_use | ||
137 | # endif | ||
138 | # endif | ||
139 | #endif | ||
140 | |||
141 | /* _GL_WARN_EXTERN_C declaration; | ||
142 | performs the declaration with C linkage. */ | ||
143 | #ifndef _GL_WARN_EXTERN_C | ||
144 | # if defined __cplusplus | ||
145 | # define _GL_WARN_EXTERN_C extern "C" | ||
146 | # else | ||
147 | # define _GL_WARN_EXTERN_C extern | ||
148 | # endif | ||
149 | #endif | ||